Causal association between common rheumatic diseases and glaucoma: a Mendelian randomization study

Background Autoimmunity and inflammation are the main characteristics of rheumatic diseases have both been found to be related glaucoma. However, it remains unclear whether increase risk Here, we performed a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis investigate causal effects six common on Methods Six were included: ankylosing spondylitis (AS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Sicca syndrome/Sjögren’s sydrome (SS), dermatomyositis (DM), gout. Glaucoma included primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) angle-closure (PACG). Genetic variants associated with these extracted from genome-wide association studies FinnGen8 database, respectively. First, two-sample MR was used potential association. Then, multivariable conducted further verify results. Inverse-variance weighted as method, together several sensitivity analyses. Results Two-sample suggests that AS is higher POAG [odds ratio (OR): 1.28, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.13–1.44; p = 1.1 × 10 −4 ] PACG (OR: 1.55, CI: 1.09–2.09, 1.4 −2 ). Multivariable shows similar trend effect 1.52, 1.22–1.90, 1.9 ) 2.05, 1.06–3.95, 3.2 No significant observed between other five Conclusions an increased PACG. We stress importance screening for patients.